So what is the definition of CBD? What is trivially called cannabis usually refers to a plant with the common name of cultivated hemp or, for botanists, Cannabis sativa. It is a complex plant with components that are still little known. It is known, however, that it contains several dozen different cannabinoids. CBD, or cannabidiol, is one of them but not the only one. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabinol (CBN) are also part of it.
We all have so-called cannabinoid receptors in our brains. This explains the more or less strong actions of the plant cannabinoids present in the hemp plant on the human body. Although it is becoming more and more popular, CBD is still unknown. This comprehensive guide gives you its complete definition, explains what it really is, its effects, where to get it, and how to use it.
Definition of CBD (cannabidiol)
The mystery of the definition of CBD lies in the three letters of its abbreviation. It would indeed be tempting to think that these letters are an acronym, and therefore hide three words. On the contrary, only one term hides behind this nickname now in common use: cannabidiol.
According to a purely etymological analysis, the word can be separated into two distinct parts. They both give us valuable information about the definition of CBD. "Cannabi", the root of the word, is found in cannabis: the plant from which the molecule is extracted. A diol is a chemical compound also called glycol. It owes its name to the chemical composition of its molecule, including oxygen and hydrogen atoms, and is distinguished by reactions similar to alcohol molecules. This does not mean, however, that CBD is alcohol. By definition, CBD is only an organic molecule extracted from the cannabis plant.
In its natural state, this molecule is present in large quantities in marijuana plants. What is meant by cannabidiol in everyday language, however, qualifies the molecule once extracted from the plant. In its purest form, it comes in the form of crystals. Extracted as an essential oil, it is logically in oily form. It is then very easy to incorporate into another solution. CBD has been popularized by the appearance of electronic cigarettes and its use as a vape liquid.
Differences between CBD and THC
Well known to the general public, THC is the psychoactive molecule of cannabis. It is therefore she who is responsible for the high effects caused by the consumption of marijuana. CBD, on the contrary, is not a narcotic.
Many varieties of cannabis exist, all of which have different compositions in their natural state. Their THC and CBD levels are therefore also variable. Black market cannabis generally contains a high level of THC (on average 15%) while it is sought to disappear in favor of a higher concentration of cannabidiol in legal plants. It is indeed possible to create new varieties of plants corresponding to these criteria by hybridization.
Thanks to its absence of psychoactive effects, CBD allows you to benefit from the properties of hemp without losing self-control. This is what earned it its nickname of medical cannabis.
In summary: what is CBD?
Cannabidiol is the second most naturally occurring cannabinoid in cannabis, just behind THC. Sought after for its virtuous effects (it would be relaxing, anti-inflammatory and antidepressant), it is totally legal. It does not cause narcotic effects, addiction, or other notorious side effects.
History of CBD
Although it is now widely controversial, hemp is one of the oldest plants cultivated by humans. In its Cannabis Sativa form, this plant was cultivated in Neolithic times for its medicinal virtues and its use as textile fibers. China is clearly behind the domestication of hemp. Archaeologists do not all agree on the date, which varies from -10,000 to -4000 BCE. The plant has in any case been used for several millennia, both for the manufacture of fabrics and for its therapeutic effects.
Its use has endured over the centuries. However, its composition and the definition of CBD have long remained unknown. Indeed, cannabinoids, molecules present in Cannabaceae, were discovered only at the beginning of the twentieth century. THC and CBD are the two cannabinoids that have directly generated the most research.
Discovery of cannabidiol and other cannabinoids
CBD is believed to have been extracted from the hemp plant for the first time around 1940. It is a group of researchers from the University of Illinois who would have managed to isolate the molecule. At that time, they called the compound toxic and dismissed the idea that it could have positive properties on humans. It was only from the 60s that studies were conducted on the composition of cannabinoids. Raphaël Mechoulam, an Israeli researcher, has demonstrated their benefits on certain pathologies. His work has made it possible to reflect on the use of cannabis molecules (CBD, THC) in pharmacology.
For years, many clinical trials have been held, highlighting the health effects of cannabidiol. Early studies have shown its positive effects on anxiety. Then, in the 70s, it was discovered that it had benefits on nausea and pain. Finally, in the late 90s, researchers discovered that it reduced the degeneration of neurons, which could be useful in Alzheimer's research.
Beginnings of medical cannabis
Some US states (Alaska, Oregon, Washington) then decided to legalize cannabis (CBD and THC) for therapeutic purposes. This has made it possible to find drugs like Sativex on the market, containing the same dosage of THC and CBD. Indeed, the combination of these two molecules makes it possible to multiply the benefits of these molecules and not to create dependence in the patient. This drug is particularly indicated in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
In France, Sativex has had a market authorization since 2015 but has not yet been marketed due to difficulties in agreeing on its price. However, this proves how much cannabis regulations (CBD and THC) have been evolving in recent years. Some countries, such as Canada, have decided to allow it completely. In Europe, Luxembourg is currently debating this issue.
Effects and benefits of cannabidiol
By definition, CBD is known for its anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. It acts on certain receptors related to pain or anxiety. It also enjoys a positive image since it is perceived as a natural product, as opposed to chemical molecules that usually cause increased distrust.
Cannabidiol is believed to have therapeutic properties. It would be recommended in particular in case of stress, sleep problems or joint pain. Studies on the subject are still rare. However, the scientific community already recognizes that the various cannabinoids, cannabis light in the lead, have effects on the body, without advancing on them. We naturally produce substances very close to the active molecules of cannabis thanks to our endocannabinoid system. Its overall functioning is still relatively unknown but its role as an anti-stress of the body is proven. The near future will likely bring the results of long-term studies needed for accurate quantification of the effects caused by CBD and the doses suitable for therapeutic use.
Effects of cannabidiol on the consumer: what we know
Different studies have been conducted since the 60s on this molecule. They have proven the effects of CBD on many conditions. In particular, it would reduce:
- Anxiety
- Sleep disorders
- Nausea and vomiting, especially related to chemotherapy
- Anxiety attacks
- Weight gain and appetite
- Inflammation
- Epileptic seizures
- The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases
- Skin diseases (acne, psoriasis)
- Diabetes
- Seizures in patients with schizophrenia
- Osteoarthritis pain and contractures
- Addictions to substances such as alcohol
In addition, it is now known that cannabidiol plays a major role in the relief of so-called neuropathic pain (as opposed to nociceptive pain). These pains are difficult to calm by medications such as paracetamol or morphine. CBD is therefore a useful molecule for patients with multiple sclerosis or fibromyalgia. The use of CBD in this type of patient would significantly improve their quality of life. This is why this molecule is part of the composition of Sativex.
The effects of CBD would go even further since a study has proven that cannabinoids have an action on the reduction of cancer cells when CBD and THC are combined.
As cannabis is highly controlled in France and around the world, research on the benefits of cannabis molecules (CBD, THC) is progressing slowly. In addition, the negative connotation of cannabis generates a lot of mistrust vis-à-vis the therapeutic virtues of its molecules.
LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF CBD
The question of the legal framework of CBD always comes up when mentioning cannabis-related products. What is certain is that the difference between a legal plant and an illegal plant is not at the plant level, but in the legal texts, according to purely arbitrary definitions. For starters, a strict ban legislates the possession and consumption of cannabis for its psychoactive properties. The lack of perspective on the properties of the different cannabinoids, however, causes legal uncertainty and French and European law not always aligned.
For example, the National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM) considers cannabis to be a narcotic, without distinction for its different molecules. On the contrary, a 2004 ministerial decree and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) both mention the legality of plants with THC levels not exceeding 0.2%. However, this text originally made no explicit mention of CBD, hence the hesitations of both consumers and sellers during the multiplication of CBD products in 2018. The marketing of cannabis-derived products, in general, has also been complicated by the existence of different permitted rates in the main European producing countries (0.2% in Germany, 0.6% in Italy, 1% in Switzerland).
Is consuming cannabidiol legal?
Short answer: yes, it is absolutely legal to consume CBD. Although some uncertainty persists, both the European Parliament and MILDECA (Interministerial Mission to Combat Drugs and Addictive Behaviour in France) have both clearly stated that:
CBD is legal for production, marketing, and consumption,
The THC level set by the EU (0.2% with a planned increase to 0.3%) prevails in France as in the rest of the European Union for the sale of legal cannabis and its derived products.
The World Health Organization (WHO) also recommended, at the end of 2017, the non-classification of CBD as a controlled substance. It is thus in no way considered a drug since it is non-narcotic.
Can CBD be prescribed by a doctor?
Cannabidiol or CBD is not a drug although it is part of the composition of Sativex as an active ingredient. Thus, its use cannot be prescribed by a doctor in France. Considered today as a dietary supplement, CBD can not be covered by health insurance or you're mutual. However, legislation on cannabis molecules (CBD, CBG, CBN, etc.) is evolving rapidly around the world. The first series of experiments is being held in France between 2021 and 2023 and may change the situation.
Use of CBD
Different areas benefit from the use of CBD. In terms of well-being, it aims to relieve tremors or reduce sleep disorders. In sports, it anticipates and prevents post-workout pain. It is, by definition, not a doping product and is absent from the list of products considered doping by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).
Its mode of use has no rule but the choice established will have an influence on the desired effect. The most well-known use is inhalation, allowing quick effects through the use of an electronic cigarette or by breathing vaporizable CBD oil. Other methods of taking exist, by ingestion for example (softer but a little slower) or in the local application (balms, creams, lotions).
CBD products
In order to benefit from the effects of cannabidiol on all types of people, the molecule has been declined in various consumer products. Nowadays, CBD can be consumed in various forms:
- oils: to ingest or apply to the skin (see effects of CBD oils)
- infusions: to consume, used for relaxation
- capsules: to be taken as a dietary supplement
- CBD and CBD e-liquids in electronic cigarettes: with various flavors and dosages
- CBD crystals: to be ingested, diluted in a drink, dish, or let melt under the tongue
- creams: to apply to the skin, to fight against psoriasis or acne
- flowers: in scent or infusion (our CBD cannabis flowers on the shop)
CBD, therefore, has a bright future ahead of it. Ongoing research could also lead to a better understanding of it and democratize its use. They should also be accompanied by the placing on the market of products that are even better adapted to the needs of consumers and easier to dose.
Tips for using CBD
The beneficial effect of cannabidiol occurs thanks to its solubility in lipids because it blurs the signals of nerve cells responsible for pain or stress. To take full advantage of the effects of CBD, it is better to mix this molecule with liquids with a high-fat content such as oil. This is why the use of CBD in the form of oils, creams, or e-liquids is ideal. Of course, consumption in its pure form for infusions for example is also advised.
Can CBD be used as an electronic cigarette?
Cannabidiol is perfectly suited for inhalation use. It is absorbed directly by the lungs and its properties are thus quickly released into the bloodstream. This is why it is now accessible in vaping.
But which electronic cigarette to choose for CBD? In fact, most models of e-cigarettes are compatible with CBD e-liquids. However, you should know that the simpler the model, the more your electronic cigarette will be suitable for vaping with CBD.
To make the best use of CBD e-liquids, your electronic cigarette will have to meet certain characteristics:
- Potency: If you use a very powerful e-cigarette model, it will give a large dose of vapor at once and induce excessive CONSUMPTION OF CBD. It is, therefore, better to use a low-power model.
- Tank size: It should be small, as CBD e-liquids keep better away from light and heat. The less the liquid remains in the tank, the longer the properties will be preserved.
- Resistance: A powerful value resistance is not recommended with the use of CBD e-liquids. We recommend electronic cigarette models with a resistance value between 1 and 2 ohms.
How to use CBD e-liquids?
CBD in electronic cigarettes can be used in different forms. You can find it in plain e-liquid, for a vaping experience with a vegetal note. It is also interesting to enjoy the natural characteristics of some of the best cannabis light strains, whose terpenes give the e-liquid its full character. Try our Super Skunk, Lemon Kush, Amnesia, or Ketama e-liquids to see how many options are available.
They all have soothing virtues. Their use is therefore ideal for people prone to anxiety or chronic stress. For a first consumption, it is advisable to start with a low level of cannabidiol (our e-liquids 200 mg for example). You will be able to use it as a classic e-liquid.
With higher dosages, CBD e-liquids would allow detaching from other addictive substances while creating a feeling of relaxation in the consumer. Our different concentrations of CBD allow you to find the ideal product according to your tolerance threshold and your desires.
Be careful, however: CBD can have a sedative or energizing effects depending on the person, it is not recommended to drive after using CBD. The consumption of cannabidiol in pregnant women is prohibited. Similarly, minors cannot consume CBD e-liquids, as the sale of electronic cigarettes among young people under the age of 18 is prohibited.
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